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Autor: MFriedewald

PRISMS: Privacy and Security Mirrors

MFriedewald

Table of contents

Project Structure

The PRISMS project analyses the traditional trade-off model between privacy and security and works towards a more evidence-based perspective for reconciling privacy and security, trust and concern. It has examined how technologies aimed at enhancing security are subjecting citizens to an increasing amount of surveillance and, in many cases, causing infringements of privacy and fundamental rights. PRISMS conducted both a multi-disciplinary inquiry into the concepts of privacy and security and their relationships and an EU-wide survey to determine whether people evaluate the introduction of security technologies in terms of a trade-off. As a result, PRISMS will determine the factors that affect the public assessment of the security and privacy implications of a given security technology. The project is using these results to devise a decision support system (DSS) providing users (those who deploy and operate security systems) insight into the pros and cons, constraints and limits of specific security investments compared to alternatives taking into account a wider society context.

Objectives and Goals

The  primary objective of  PRISMS is to provide users with a decision support  system (DSS)  that gives them an insight into the  pros  and  cons  of  specific  security investments compared to a set of alternatives, taking into account a wider societal context.

To achieve this objective, PRISMS has developed a proper conceptual frame that positions security and privacy, trust and concern, in relation to each other, and that is empirically validated by the Europe wide survey.

The PRISMS project will help ensure the security of citizens while respecting fundamental rights,  including  the  protection  of  privacy  and  personal  data,  through  its  analysis  of technologies used for security and privacy, the policy assessment of security and privacy, its criminological  and  legal  analysis,  its  public  discourse  analysis  as  reflected  in  the  media  and analysis  of  existing  public  opinion  surveys.

Expected Impact

PRISMS will deliver informed  analysis as well as a practical methodology  for considering  alternative  security  investments  (not  simply  investments  in  alternative technologies,  but  also  organisational  and  policy  alternatives),  which  will  be  useful  for  investors and other  stakeholders concerned about reconciling security and privacy, trust  and  concern.  The decision support system developed in PRISMS will provide guidelines for a priori  reasoning  about  possible  conflicts  arising  from  security decisions and offer possible solutions to those conflicts.

Research & Results

Work package 1 – Developing a common research framework

For most citizens, the meaning of privacy and security seems obvious because they have an implicit feeling about them that some may call “common sense”. However, both are colourful notions. This becomes evident when looking at the definition of the terms and their framing in different scientific disciplines. Therefore, a clear understanding of the terminology and the research questions is necessary. This work package developed a common understanding of the research questions and the terminology used in PRISMS; planned  subsequent work packages in detail so that there could be congruence of approach of the partners’ work and, developed a conceptual frame leading to the ultimate development of a decision support system.

Work package 2 – Analysis of security and privacy technologies

This work package provided an overview of current developments and trends in security and privacy technologies and their inter-relationships by collecting and studying technology reports, foresights and roadmaps in the field of security and privacy. It analyses how users attribute meaning to privacy and security technologies. It developed illustrative examples that were used in the survey and monitors relevant developments in security and privacy technologies occurring during the course of PRISMS.

Work package 3 – Policy assessment of security and privacy

This work package assessed the dominant framework in force in security policy circles concerning security and privacy and analysed the policy approach of the relationship between privacy and security and the perception concerning citizens. Policy documents reveal how security and privacy technologies are perceived by policy-makers, how they reflect certain expectations and ambitions. A discourse analysis of the meanings, expectations and ambitions with regard to the fulfilment of policy ambitions and the use of security/privacy technologies shed light on the perception of security and privacy implications by citizens. This work package includes an inventory of the most relevant security and privacy related policy documents of the past decade within the European Union and selected Member States, a discourse analysis of these documents, followed by monitoring security and privacy policy developments in different contexts.

Work package 4 – Criminological analysis

This work package  conceptualised the notions of security and privacy from a criminological perspective and then used this knowledge base to provide input into the development of the survey (on citizens’ perceptions of the relationships and interdependencies between security and privacy), its concepts, questions and hypotheses. This work package will contextualise the survey results based on the criminological knowledge base about crime (control) and public opinion and the results of a qualitative research case study. This work package focuses on how the new surveillance practices in the European field of crime control came into being, what technologies, actors and institutions have been mobilised and involved and what rationalities have come to shape, connect and transform notions of crime control, security and surveillance. A qualitative case study on security in airports has been used to further develop and refine the PRISMS conceptual framework and understanding of citizens’ attitudes and opinions.

Work package 5 – Privacy, data protection and security from a legal perspective

This work package analysed the legal conceptualisations of privacy and data protection on the one hand, and security on the other. It analysed the legal relationships between privacy and security, and between data protection and security. It provided legal input on issues of privacy, data protection, security and their legal relationship for the preparation and conception of the survey. The consortium carried out a state-of-the-art analysis of legal approaches to privacy and data protection; investigated their relationship; analysed the meaning of both privacy and security from the point of view of constitutional theory and delved into the legal significance of individuals’ choices in relation to privacy, data protection and security.

Work package 6 – Privacy and Security in the Media

There are strong interrelations between public discourses, media reporting and the individual and collective perception of privacy and security. However, for the whole of Europe and even for individual Member States, a continuous and comparative content analysis that identifies discourse patterns and differences between different risks is still a desideratum. Therefore, this work package identifies important topics regarding privacy and security covered in the media, maps the media landscape in Europe and analyses how the media constructs notions of “privacy” and “security” and their impact on citizens’ perceptions.

Work package 7 – Analysis of existing public opinion and social values surveys

In this work package, the consortium analysed existing surveys on privacy, security, surveillance and trust with an evaluation of their reliability, shortfalls and applicability for policy-makers. This research informed the design and development of the survey that the consortium undertook in each EU Member State (under work package 9). This work package involved a detailed analysis of existing public opinion surveys on privacy, security, surveillance and trust, a meta-analysis, a review of survey questioning techniques, shortcomings, lessons learned and longitudinal comparisons, and an analysis of social value surveys.

Work package 8 – First integration of results

This work package combined and compared the results from all prior work packages and verified them through expert interviews. It developed hypotheses about the public’s privacy and security perceptions to be tested in the survey and developed a concept for the statistical analysis of the survey results.

Work package 9 – Survey of citizens’ privacy and security perceptions

The main task of this work package involved the preparation and conduct of a representative, trans-European survey, including 27,000 telephone interviews to ascertain citizen’s privacy and security perceptions. The preparation involved assessing and refining of hypotheses (through focus groups), designing and testing of questions. Data collection used a quota sampling approach, and employed random digit dialing (RDD) telephone methodology in all countries, using both landline and mobile telephones. This survey will help determine whether people evaluate the introduction of security technologies in terms of a trade-of and the public attitude/opinion in relation to this trade-off/relationship. It will also determine the factors that affect public assessment of the security and privacy implications of a given security technology.

Work package 10 – Second integration – Interpretation of results

Work package 10 will carry out advanced statistical analysis to answer the central quantitative questions, test hypotheses and explain the interrelationship between privacy and security attitudes. This work package will put the citizen’s survey results into context. To test and validate our findings in advance of using them for the final stage of the project, the consortium will organize a number of small-scale deliberative workshops. These workshops will discuss, inter alia, the potential risk of dual use of the Decision support system to manipulate public opinion by those wishing to promote or undermine support for security interventions and possible countermeasures to consider when designing the DSS.

Work package 11 – Decision support system

One of the main objectives of PRISMS is to design a “decision support system providing for insight into the pros and cons of specific security investments compared to a set of alternatives taking into account a wider societal context”. The audience of the decision support system is the users, i.e., the stakeholders responsible for security investments.

The decision support system provides support for decision-making, i.e., it is not the decision-making “device” itself. The system has been developed based on methods of risk assessment and stakeholder involvement as elaborated in other domains. The decision support system offers an analytical frame in which pros and cons of the alternatives are weighed in a number of policy-relevant dimensions. The result is a multi-dimensional framework assessing the impact of a specific investment decision against a number of identified alternatives.

Work package 12 – Dissemination and liaison

This work package focuses on identifying and reaching out to stakeholders to raise their awareness about the research and findings of PRISMS and to encourage them to support the project’s recommendations. A dissemination strategy will elaborate the consortium’s stakeholder engagement and dissemination activities (e.g. project website, press releases, journal article papers, conference presentations, final conference).

Publications

The following publications stem from the work completed in the duration of the PRISMS project.

2015

2014

  • González Fuster, Gloria and Serge Gutwirth (2014) “Ethics, Law and Privacy: Disentangling Law in from Ethics in Privacy Discourse”, in Proceedings of the 2014 IEE International Symposium on Ethics in Science, Technology and Engineering, 23-24 May 2014, Chicago. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6893376.
  • González Fuster, Gloria (2014), ‘How uninformed is the average data subject? A quest for benchmarks in EU personal data protection” in Balcells, J., Cerrillo i Martínez, A., Peguera, M., Peña-López, I., Pifarré de Moner, M.J., & Vilasau Solana, M. (eds.) Internet, Law and Politics. A decade of transformations. Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Internet, Law & Politics. Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona 3-4 July, 2014. Barcelona: UOC-Huygens Editorial, ISBN: 978-84-697-0826-2, pp. 241-258. http://edcp.uoc.edu/proceedings_idp2014.pdf

2013

  • Finn, Rachel L., David Wright, and Michael Friedewald, “Seven types of privacy”, in Serge Gutwirth, Ronald Leenes, Paul De Hert, and Yves Poullet (eds.),European Data Protection: Coming of Age, Springer, Dordrecht, 2013, pp. 3-32.
  • van Lieshout, Marc, Michael Friedewald, David Wright, and Serge Gutwirth, “Reconciling privacy and security“, Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, Vol. 26, No. 1-2, 2013.

2012

  • Lagazio, Monica, “The evolution of the concept of security”, The Thinker, Vol. 43, 2012, pp.36-41.

Consortium

The PRISMS project was undertaken by a large and varied consortium of partners from across Europe, including:

Fraunhofer ISI – Project Coordinator

The Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (ISI) is part of the Fraunhofer Society for the advancement of applied research, the largest organisation for applied research in Europe.  Fraunhofer  ISI  conducts  interdisciplinary  research  at  the  interface  of  technology, economy  and  society under  contract  to  the  European  Commission,  the  German Federal Ministry  of  Education and  Research (BMBF),  the  Office  of  Technology  Assessment at  the German Parliament (TAB), other ministries and industrial companies.

Persons involved in the project:

Dr.  Michael  Friedewald  (Project  Co-ordinator)

Dr.  Simone  Kimpeler

Dara  Hallinan

Jana Schuhmacher

Kerstin Goos

Trilateral Research & Consulting

Trilateral, a niche research and advisory consultancy, specialises in research and providing strategic, policy and regulatory advice on new technologies, privacy, data protection, trust, risk and security issues. Trilateral particularly seeks to help policy-makers improve policy and decision-making in privacy and security, through specialised research and analysis and provide the public and private sectors with practical solutions to address new emerging regulatory and technological challenges. Trilateral has initiated and organised many consortia and proposals under EC FP7 and FP6 programmes.

Persons involved in the project:

David Wright

Kush Wadhwa

Rachel Finn

David Barnard-Wills

Hayley Watson

Vrije Universiteit Brussel

The  interdisciplinary  Research  Group  on  Law  Science  Technology  &  Society  at  the  Vrije Universiteit  Brussel  (LSTS),  is  devoted  to  analytical,  theoretical  and prospective  research  into  the  relationships  between  law,  science,  technology  and  society. While LSTS’s core expertise is legal, it has a strong experience and track record in legal theory,  philosophy  of  sciences  and  bio-ethics,  and  engages  in  criminological  and  STS-research too. The LSTS team publishes widely and has been involved in internationally networked research projects. LSTS is the main organiser of the annual “Computers, Privacy & Data Protection” (CPDP) Conferences (www.cpdpconferences.org).

Persons involved in the project:

Serge  Gutwirth

Paul De Hert

Kristof  Verfaillie

Gloria González Fuster

Jenneke Christiaens

Francesca Menichelli

Imge Ozcan

TNO

TNO is the largest Dutch Research and Technology Organisation focusing on applied research, realising impact when addressing societal challenges. As of January 2011, TNO organises its activities in themes, one of the themes being the Information Society. TNO was founded by the Dutch government 80 years ago and has since been a major consultant and research institute on a wide variety of technological and societal challenges for national and European government, leading business companies and societal organisations. It has 4000 researchers working on one of the seven themes of the TNO organisation.

Persons involved in the project:

Marc van Lieshout

Gabriela Bodea

Anne Fleur van Veenstra

Bas van Schoonhoven

University of Edinburgh

The University of Edinburgh has an international reputation, with a research ranking in the top five in the UK and first in Scotland. It collaborated in about 180 FP6 projects (€45 million). The School of Social and Political Science (SSPS) embraces Politics and International Relations, Sociology, Science Studies, the Research Centre for Social Sciences, etc. Members of the School have close links with the Institute for the Study of Science, Technology and Innovation (ISSTI), as well as with the law and technology research centre (SCRIPT) in the School of Law.

 

Persons involved in the project:

Professor Charles D. Raab

Eötvös Károly Policy Institute

The  Eötvös  Károly  Policy  Institute  (EKINT)  is  a  small  research  and  policy  organization created  in  2003  by  the  Soros  Foundation  in  Budapest,  in  order  to  establish  a  novel, unconventional institutional framework for shaping democratic public affairs in Hungary. The Institute  is  deeply  committed  to  the  liberal  interpretation  of  constitutionality,  constitutional democracy, and individual rights. EKINT has been a partner in EU-supported projects such as BROAD, ETICA and LiSS COST Action.

Persons involved in the project:

Dr.  Iván  Székely

Dr. Szonja Navratil

Dr. Erik Uszkiewicz

 

Hogeschool Zuyd (ZUYD) – Infonomics and New Media Research Centre

The Infonomics and New Media Research Centre (INM) is a research unit within the ICT Faculty of Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, specializing in research concerning IT, digitisation and society, with a strong focus on digital identities. INM currently consists of a multi-disciplinary team of teaching staff and researchers, representing a range of disciplines: philosophy, sociology, ethics, law, communication and media theory, computer science and software engineering.

Persons involved in the project:

Dr. Irma van der Ploeg

Dr. Jason Pridmore

Dr. Govert Valkenburg

Ipsos MORI

Ipsos MORI is a full-service market and social research agency based in the UK and is part of the international  Ipsos  Group.  It  delivers  market  and  social  research  for  a  wide  range  of public, private and third sector clients using a variety of quantitative and qualitative research techniques.  Ipsos MORI is the second largest market and social research agency in the UK and the third largest  in  Europe  and  has  an  extensive  international  research  capacity  thanks  to  strong  links with Ipsos companies around the globe. Ipsos  MORI  is  a  member  of  the  Market  Research  Society  (MRS),  ESOMAR  (the  European Society  for  Opinion  and  Marketing  Research),  WAPOR  (World  Association  for  Public Opinion  Research),  BPC  (British  Polling  Council)  and  BMRA  (British  Market  Research Association) and, as such, adheres to their Codes of Conduct.

Persons involved in the project:

Gideon  Skinner

Peter Cornick 

“Hidden Internet”: Smart technologies and the Internet of Things pose new challenges to privacy protection

MFriedewald

Popular everyday appliances – like televisions – are increasingly connected to the internet and engage in the collection of personal data. The resulting data on user behavior, the transmission and processing of this data and the increasing complexity of smart technologies pose new challenges to privacy protection and informational self-determination. In the White Paper “Hidden Internet“, experts from the research network “Forum Privacy and self-determined life in the digital world“ outline the problematic aspects of smart technologies for privacy and how these issues might be addressed. The White Paper focuses on three applications – smart TVs, smart cars and wearable devices like smart watches.

Smart TVs or smart bracelets that are connected to other devices, services and manufacturers via the Internet of Things increasingly belong to the everyday life of society. Users welcome the internet-based services and functions of these smart appliances – but are often not aware of the extent to which their data are being collected, and processed. These problems are enhanced by the increasing complexity of smart technologies; it is almost impossible for users to follow whether and how personal data can be protected against unauthorized access or disclosure.

In the light of these changing framework conditions for privacy and data protection, the research network “Forum Privacy“ describes the risks that may result from using smart TVs, smart cars and wearables in its White Paper “The hidden Internet“. For instance, smart TVs already gather use and behavioral data when people are just watching television and even enable personal identification by photo, audio and video recording. This means that large segments of the population can be monitored. All this applies in a similar way to smart cars that record vehicle-related, driver behavior and environmental data and can transmit these to vehicle manufacturers or other transport users. Alongside information about driving style, location or route, the personal characteristics and habits of the drivers can be derived by linking this information with other data. This is also the case for so-called wearables – devices like smart fitness bracelets or smart watches that are worn in contact with the skin. The health data wearables gather allows detailed insights into the private lives of users.

Peter Zoche, who coordinates the research activities of the Forum Privacy Project at Fraunhofer ISI, cites some of the main problems and design potentials for manufacturers, users and policymakers: “The demand for informational self-determination is faced with non-transparent data trading and concealed data collection. On top of this, it is often hard to change the default settings of smart devices. And if users want to take action themselves to ensure greater data protection, they are confronted by a flood of information and complex terms and conditions“. According to Zoche, networked devices and applications should have privacy-enhancing settings (privacy by default), take users’ information requirements into account and have visual or acoustic signals that alert users to possible data transfers.

Furthermore, in future, political and legal regulations should ensure that smart technologies are more in line with the principles of data protection. Appropriate conditions for guaranteeing privacy in the digital age could be created using sanctions, as well as by enforcing EU data protection legislation. Alongside state institutions and initiatives, however, industry must also contribute by making data protection a core design element when introducing new smart devices and applications (privacy by design). Last, but not least, users themselves will need to handle their personal data and the associated risks with greater awareness.

 

In the Forum Privacy Project, which is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), national and international experts from different disciplines address the issues surrounding privacy protection over a period of three years. The project is coordinated by Fraunhofer ISI, and the partners are Fraunhofer SIT, the University of Hohenheim, the University of Kassel, the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, the Unabhängige Landeszentrum für Datenschutz Schleswig-Holstein and the Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich. The research results of the Forum Privacy Project are intended not only as input to scientific debate, but also to be of use in educating normal citizens regarding privacy protection.

Just published: Privacy and Security Perceptions of European Citizens: A Test of the Trade-off Model

MFriedewald

Friedewald, Michael, Marc van Lieshout, Sven Rung, Merel Ooms, and Jelmer Ypma, „Privacy and Security Perceptions of European Citizens: A Test of the Trade-off Model„, in Jan Camenisch, Simone Fischer-Hübner, and Marit Hansen (eds.), Privacy and Identity Management for the Future Internet in the Age of Globalisation: 9th IFIP WG 9.2, 9.5, 9.6/11.7, 11.4, 11.6/SIG 9.2.2 International Summer School, Patras, Greece, September 7-12, 2014, Revised Selected Papers, Springer, Heidelberg, Berlin, 2015, pp. 39-53. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18621-4_4

This paper considers the relationship between privacy and security and, in particular, the traditional ”trade-off” paradigm that argues that citizens might be willing to sacrifice some privacy for more security. Academics have long argued against the trade-off paradigm, but these arguments have often fallen on deaf ears. Based on data gathered in a pan-European survey we show that both privacy and security are important to European citizens and that there is no significant correlation between people’s valuation of privacy and security.

„Verstecktes Internet“: Smarte Technologien und Internet der Dinge stellen Schutz der Privatheit vor neue Herausforderungen

MFriedewald

Beliebte Alltagsgeräte wie Fernseher sind immer häufiger mit dem Internet verbunden oder verfügen über internetbasierte Zusatzdienste. Die dabei entstehenden Daten über das Nutzerverhalten, ihre Weitergabe und Verarbeitung sowie die zunehmende Komplexität „smarter“ Technologien stellen den Schutz der Privatheit und die informationelle Selbstbestimmung vor neue Herausforderungen. Im White Paper „Verstecktes Internet“ skizzieren die Expertinnen und Experten des Forschungsverbunds „Forum Privatheit und selbstbestimmtes Leben in der digitalen Welt“ die aus Sicht des Privatheitsschutzes problematischen Aspekte smarter Technologien und zeigen mögliche Gestaltungspotenziale auf. Das White Paper konzentriert sich dabei auf die drei Anwendungsbereiche Smart TV, intelligente Autos sowie neue Endgeräte wie Smart Watches, die direkt am Körper getragen werden.

Vernetzte Smart TVs oder intelligente Armbänder, die über das „Internet der Dinge“ mit anderen Geräten, Dienstleistern und Herstellern verbunden sind, durchdringen zusehends den Alltag vieler Menschen. Die Nutzer schätzen besonders die netzbasierten Dienste und Funktionen dieser „smarten“ Geräte – ihnen ist jedoch häufig nicht bewusst, in welchem Umfang Nutzerdaten erhoben und zu welchen Zwecken sie weitergeleitet werden. Diese Probleme verschärfen sich mit der zunehmenden Komplexität smarter Technologien und es ist für die Nutzer kaum mehr nachzuvollziehen, ob und wie sich personenbezogene Daten vor ungewollten Zugriffen und Weitergaben schützen lassen.

Vor dem Hintergrund dieser veränderten Rahmenbedingungen für den Privatheits- und Datenschutz beschreibt der Forschungsverbund „Forum Privatheit“ im White Paper „Verstecktes Internet“ die Risiken, die bei der Nutzung von „Smart TVs“, „Smart Cars“ und „Wearables“ entstehen können: So erheben etwa Smart TVs schon beim gewöhnlichen Fernsehen Nutzungs- und Verhaltensdaten und ermöglichen über Foto-, Audio- und Videoaufnahmen sogar eine persönliche Identifikation. Dadurch lassen sich nicht nur Einzelpersonen sondern auch große Teile der Bevölkerung überwachen. All dies trifft in ähnlicher Weise auf vernetzte Autos bzw. „Smart Cars“ zu, die fahrzeugbezogene Daten, das Verhalten des Fahrers sowie Umgebungsdaten erfassen und diese an Fahrzeughersteller oder andere Verkehrsteilnehmer weiterleiten können. Neben Informationen über Fahrstil, Aufenthaltsort oder Fahrstrecke ließen sich durch die Verknüpfung mit anderen Daten zudem persönliche Merkmale und Gewohnheiten der Nutzer ableiten. Dies ist auch bei sogenannten „Wearables“ der Fall, also Geräten wie intelligenten Fitnessarmbändern oder Smart Watches, die Nutzer direkt am Körper tragen. Durch die Erhebung von Gesundheitsdaten werden zum Beispiel tiefe Einblicke in die privaten Lebensumstände der Nutzer erfasst.

Peter Zoche, der am Fraunhofer ISI die Forschungsaktivitäten des Forum Privatheit koordiniert, nennt an Hersteller, Nutzer und die Politik gerichtet einige zentrale Problembereiche und Gestaltungspotenziale: „Der Forderung nach informationeller Selbstbestimmung stehen ein intransparenter Datenhandel und versteckt erfolgende Datenerhebungen gegenüber. Hinzu kommt, sich die Grundeinstellung smarter Geräte oft nur bedingt verändern lässt. Und wenn Nutzer aktiv werden möchten, um selbst für mehr Datenschutz zu sorgen, sehen sie sich mit einer Informationsflut und komplexen Geschäftsbedingungen konfrontiert.“ Laut Zoche sollten vernetzte Geräte und Anwendungen in Zukunft über datenschutzfreundliche Grundkonfigurationen (Privacy by Default) verfügen und Nutzer durch visuelle oder akustische Hinweise auf mögliche Datentransfers hingewiesen und ihre Informationsbedarfe hierbei berücksichtigt werden.

Des Weiteren sollten in Zukunft auch Möglichkeiten der politisch-rechtlichen Regulierung dafür sorgen, dass smarte Technologien stärker in Einklang mit den Prinzipien des Datenschutzes stehen. Sanktionsmöglichkeiten könnten genauso wie die Durchsetzung einer EU-weiten Datenschutz-Grundverordnung geeignete Voraussetzungen zur Gewährleistung von Privatheit im digitalen Zeitalter schaffen. Neben staatlichen Institutionen und Initiativen müssen jedoch auch wirtschaftliche Akteure dazu beitragen, dass Datenschutz zu einem Kernelement bei der Einführung neuer smarter Geräte und Anwendungen wird (Privacy by Design). Nicht zuletzt sind auch die Nutzer gefragt, künftig noch bewusster mit ihren persönlichen Daten sowie den damit verbundenen Risiken umzugehen.

Das White Paper kann hier heruntergeladen werden.

 

Policy Paper zum Thema „Das versteckte Internet“ mit Empfehlungen an Wirtschaft und Politik online

MFriedewald

Die Erweiterung von herkömmlichen Fernsehern, Autos und Brillen um internetbasierte Zusatzfunktionen, etwa die Kommunikation des Fernsehers mit Internetdiensten, fügt sich dermaßen unsichtbar in die Benutzung ein, dass den Nutzern kaum noch ersichtlich ist, wie viele Daten wo, wann und zu welchem Zweck erhoben, genutzt und wem diese persönlichen Informationen zugänglich gemacht werden. Hier äußert sich zunächst ein eklatanter Mangel an Transparenz, den das Forum Privatheit mit dem White Paper „Das versteckte Internet“ adressiert.

Vor dem Hintergrund der Ausweitung internetbasierter Technologien macht das Forum Privatheit im Policy Paper „Verstecktes Internet“ eine Reihe von Verbesserungsvorschlägen, die sich an Entscheider aus Wirtschaft und Politik richten und den bestehenden Datenschutz stärken sollen.

Die empfohlenen Handlungsoptionen umfassen eine transparente Integration internetbasierter Zusatzfunktionen in bislang nicht vernetzte Geräte genauso wie eine datenschutzfreundliche Gerätekonfiguration (Privacy by Default) oder eine Kennzeichnung und Zertifizierung nach Prinzipien des Datenschutzes. Auch Möglichkeiten der Aus-, Weiterbildung und Aufklärung zur Sensibilisierung von Datenschutzfragen sowie der politisch-rechtlichen Regulierung sollten genutzt werden, um bislang oft überflüssige Eingriffe in Nutzerrechte sowie eklatante Transparenz-Mängel stark einzuschränken.

Durch die Umsetzung der Handlungsoptionen ließen sich personenbezogene Daten in Zukunft zweckgebundener erheben und für die Nutzerinnen und Nutzer wäre ihre weitere Verwendung zudem nachvollziehbarer.

 

EUDECO @ BLED ECONFERENCE 2015

MFriedewald

The 28th Bled eConference will be organised on 7-10 June 2015 in Bled, Slovenia.

Bled eConference attracts speakers and delegates from business, government, information technology providers and universities and is the major venue for researchers working in all aspects of “e”. There will be a variety of keynote speakers from industry, government and academe.

EuDEco will organie an interesting panel discussion and workshop on the reuse of data, on barriers and opportunities of boosting the European data economy.

Further information and registration for the conference: http://bledconference.org/